Internal-combustion engine



Patented Oct. 15, 1929 UNITED STATES HARRY TURNEY, OF READING, OHIO INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Application filed April 20,

My invention relates to internal combustion engines of the two cycle type. L

It is the object of my invention to provide an engine of the two cycle type which shall avoid the necessity of a compression stage in the crank case of the engine and by a separating member between the crank case compartment and the engine cylinder, permit free firing of the engine without causing undue friction in the crank case. It is a further object of my invention to provide a novel cylinder having ports for intake and exhaust in combination with a piston head which will regulate the admission of combustible gases to the firing cylinder and control the exhaust from the cylinder. It is still a further objectof my invention to provide in the member separating the crank case and the engine cylinder for a lubricating system which will efiectively lubricate the piston and the working parts connected thereto.

It is my object to provide an engine which will operate successfully with no intake valve other than a check valve in the intake manifold and with no exhaust valve at all. Thus, it is my object to incorporate in a two cycle engine, all the natural advantages of the two cycle unit with adequate provision for avoiding the ditficultiesusually encountered in on so gines of the two cycle type.

Referring to the drawings:

The figure represents a diagrammatic sectional view of a preferred type of engine in which my invention is embodied. I have shown a crank case 1, within which the crank 2 is mounted on the main drive shaft 3. The connecting rod 3 connects with the piston rod by means of a joint 4, which I preferably mount in a sliding member 5, which slides 4 within an upper cylindrical portion 6 of the casing. The cylindrical portion 6 of the casing and the engine cylinder are separated by a member 7, which as will be hereinafter disclosed, provides a distributing center for the lubrication of the engine. The firing cylinder contains the piston 8, which is preferably constructed as shown wlth a depending cup shaped lower portion 9, and a slanted head 10, which is connected with the crank arm 3 by 5 means of a piston rod 11. which is slidablv 1926. Serial No. 108,353.

retained in a bearing 12 in the separating member 7. The rod 11 may be rigidly mounted in the piston head, as there is no requirement for movement between the head and the piston rod 11, the pivotal motion being provided in the joint 4.

The firing cylinder generally indicated at 13, maybe encased in a Water jacket 14, and a central aperture may be provided for the spark plug indicated at 15. I have indicated the intake manifold at 16 with a check valve 17 disposed therein, which will efiectively prevent the return of compressed gas from the cylinder into the intake. The exhaust pipe from the firing cylinder is indicated at 18, it being unnecessary for the successful operation of the engine that there be any valve in the exhaust, although a mufller may be installed to prevent too great noise of explosions if desired.

- The piston 8 will be provided with suitable rings such as are indicated at 19, which will prevent cylinder leakage. Extending out through the sides of the piston are the oil passages 20, which communicate with a duct 21, extending up through the piston rod. The source of supply for the lubricating passages are grooves 22, which extend through the walls of the separating member 7. .These grooves 22, are supplied from a tube 23, which is connected with a pump such as is indicated at 24, to which a suction pipe such as is indicated at 25 may be extended from the base of the crank case. As is usual in oil pump systems, I have shown a.return line 26, which directs the excess of oil required in the firing cylinder back into the crank case.

Although I have illustrated only a section 'of one cylinder, it should be understood that I contemplate an engine unit of a plurality of cylinders preferably three or multiples of three. In the case of plural'cylinders, each cylinder will have its stroke properly regulated with respect to the other cylinders and,

the timing will be arranged in the usual manner to fire the cylinder in succession at the proper position ofthe compression stroke. Further in the case of plural cylinders, each intake port will require aseparate check valve.

The cycle of operation which can be illustrated in a single cylinder unit is as follows. The up stroke of the iston causes a charge to be drawn in to the cup shaped depression under the piston. The next down stroke compresses the charge and forces the compressed charge out through the port 27. The check valve prevents the compressed charge from leaking back through the intake. The compressed charge is released through the cylinder intake port 28 as soon as the piston has descended to such a position as to clear the port 28. The incoming charge rushes in through the port 28 and strikes a baffle 29, on the piston which deflects the charge upward so that even though the exhaust and intake are open at the same time for a brief interval during the intake stroke, the vaporized gas does not leak out through the exhaust, but is retained in the cylinder so that when the cylinder returns to the upper limit of its upward stroke, the compressed charge is fired. The exhaust occurs through the exhaust port 30, at almost the low limit of the engine stroke, the slanting top of the piston allowing the exhaust port to be open slightly be fore the intake port is cleared so that at the time of the intake, the expanded gases caused by the firing have been exhausted.

While I have shown only a diagram embodying my invention, I do not wish to limit myself to the particular arrangement shown, it being Within the scope of my invention to provide modified and difierently arranged parts, all,-however, incorporating the essential features of my invention as have been hereinbei'ore enumerated.

Having thus described my invention What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: p 40 In a tWo cycle internal combustion engine provided with a reciprocable piston rod, means for lubricating the cylinder Walls of the engine comprising a bearing for said piston rod having lubricant passages for said 5 rod and saidpiston rod having a lubricant passage for conducting lubricant from the passages in the bearing to the cylinder walls of the engine.

HARRY TURNEY. 

